Incidental findings in research refer to unexpected discoveries or observations that are made during the course of a study, but are outside the scope of the original research question. These findings may include unexpected results, abnormalities, or patterns that were not specifically being investigated. Incidental findings can be in various forms, such as unexpected side effects, unanticipated relationships, or additional insights that were not initially sought after. Researchers must determine how to handle and report incidental findings ethically and responsibly, as they may have implications for the participants' health or well-being. This may involve informing participants of the findings, offering further testing or treatment, and ensuring confidentiality and privacy are maintained. Overall, incidental findings in research can provide valuable insights and opportunities for further study, but they also present ethical and practical challenges that need to be carefully navigated.